Facial Muscles Interactive Website Link

Greetings,

I am reposting this link, so you won't have to dig through the archives for it. Click on the muscle to watch a video of its function.

Assignment: Are you using muscles you don't need when you play or sing? Learn to use only the muscles you need. Be efficient...

Catherine

Buzzing and Balanced Embouchure

Greetings,

Correct body mapping of the atlas occipital joint (versus the jaw) is helpful in creating a balanced embouchure and assisting with your buzzing. Remember that your atlas occipital joint (where your skull balances on your spine) is located between your ears--BEHIND your tongue and soft palate.



Balanced use of the zygomatic major and triangularis muscles of the face also contribute to a balanced embouchure.






Check out this link at Google books to see part of The Artist's Complete Guide to Facial Expression by Gary Faigin. A Great resource!

Hope these thoughts are helpful.
Catherine

Chopstick: Take 2

Greetings,

About three weeks ago, I was practicing my buzzing while driving (Yes, I buzz in my car. It's great to be warmed up already when I get to the university or a rehearsal!) and I noticed that my upper lip and tongue were in a great relationship, rather like a ballroom dancing partners responding to slight pressure and gesture from the other.

Then I started thinking about the Chopstick Exercise, and it "hit me" to try the Chopstick Exercise, emphasizing the relationship between the upper lip and the tongue with the chopstick on TOP of the tongue!

I did not post about this immediately because I wanted to test out the effects of doing this over time before suggesting it to you.

My experience is that working this way a few minutes a day helps me to lift my upper lip--in fact, to lift my entire embouchure, activating the zygomatic major muscle, encouraging the tongue to stay wide, and allowing for much flexibility with the center of the lips.

When doing this exercise, please remember to keep the tongue in relationship with the upper lip. The benefit seems to stem from doing it with this focus. I suggest starting out by buzzing with the chopstick in this position.

Try it for yourself!
Please let me know how it works for you.

Catherine

Update on "Uplifting" Embouchure Practice Technique

Wow!

After practicing with the bandage strips on my face this morning, I decided to leave them on for a while to see how being aware of these facial muscles affected how I went about other activities (I did not venture outside with my bandage "whiskers", though I don't think of myself as being allergic to being conspicuous.

What I noticed is that being aware of these muscles improved my head balance and shoulder use while doing these varied tasks:
using the computer (typing, looking at the monitor, using the mouse)

writing on the desk
talking
listening
washing dishes
folding clothes
vacuuming
cooking

I admit I did not keep them on while eating...

The big message for me today is the reminder of a lesson learned from my study of the Alexander Technique -- we are always "practicing!"

Best,
Catherine

"Uplifting" Embouchure Practice Technique

Hello,

In this video, I share with you my discovery of the week, a simple way of increasing your awareness of the use of your upper lip while practicing!

I found this to be enlightening during my own practice, and each student who tried it in their weekly lesson found it helpful in identifying the action of the zygomatic major and caninus muscles of the face.

To better understand the location and function of these muscles, I suggest you visit the interactive Dataface website.

Let me know how this idea works for you!

Catherine

"Uplifting" Thoughts

Hello,

Tonight when I was practicing (interspersing buzzing with playing my flute) I once again noticed that my tone and articulation were noticeably clearer when my embouchure felt more related to the upper part of my head (skull) rather than the lower part (jaw.)

In his Master Superchops DVD, Jerome Callet describes a good spit-buzzing embouchure as akin to licking an ice cream cone. This analogy well describes the feeling I wrote about in my May 3 post.

If the corners of the upper lip are lifted, then there is more room for the surface area of the tongue to come into contact with the inside of the upper lip, creating efficient compression of air.

Three useful warmup exercise videos for the upper lip are posted in the LeGrand Virtual Studio, Category B:

• "Rabbit Face" Exercise
• "Tongue Sandwich" Exercise
• "Miss America" Exercise

Happy practicing!

Catherine

Skull/Jaw "Mapping" and Lifted Embouchure

Greetings,

This past week I have had some seemingly simple, yet profound realizations.

When "mapping" the skull/jaw relationship, it is useful to remember that the jaw is an appendage of the skull, much as an arm or leg is an appendage to the torso.

While reaching around your face with your hand and pressing gently just under the cheek bones, imagine your tongue as related to your skull, rather than your jaw. This helps activate the zygomatic major and caninus muscles, lifting the embouchure and keeping the upper lip flexible.

Another approach to feeling this relationship:
If you place a finger on each side of the upper lip, just inside the corners, gently pressing upward with your fingers, then relax your entire face to be supported by the upward pressing fingers, you can feel many muscles of the face and head relax as the upper lift is lifted and remains soft and flexible. Wow!

This is a great position for buzzing, leaving lots of room for the tongue.

it is a good idea to also activate the triangularis muscle slightly to stabilize the lower lip.

A good interactive webpage for understanding the function of the facial muscles is found here. This wonderful website created by Joseph C. Hager, Ph.D., has many detailed illustrations of the anatomy of skeletal and muscular structures of the head and face.

I invite you to post your insights and questions as always.

Best,
Catherine

A Great Flute Embouchure (according to Keith Underwood)

Greetings,

Last summer in a Ghost Ranch class Keith mentioned that an ideal flute embouchure was a combination of the facial features of two late night hosts:

Jay Leno on the bottom (lower lip lifted above lower teeth and tongue)












and


David Letterman on the top (zygomatic major muscle activated and air sizzling through the slit in the front teeth)




I have found this to be an enormously helpful image.
Let me know if it helps you!

As my chopstick and buzzing exercises have improved, my embouchure has actually begun to take on this appearance.


Best,
Catherine

Tips for Chopstick Users

Greetings,

Re. chopstick use: I don't mean for eating in Asian restaurants!

For tips on eating with chopsticks, check here:
http://www.wikihow.com/Eat-With-Chopsticks

I am referring to practicng with a chopstick in the mouth as a means of efficiently learning good muscle movement and balance for flute embouchure.

I have posted a video, "Tips for Chopstick Users" in the VIDEO, Category C section, of the LeGrand Virtual Studio.

Please post your questions or comments.

Hope this helps!

Catherine

"Chopsticks", "Buzzing," and improved finger dexterity

Hello,

I have found that practicing difficult passages after buzzing or with a chopstick in my mouth, not only helps my lips create better sounding notes and intervals, but also helps my embouchure remain stable and independent and my flute better balanced.

When I remove the chopstick, the difficult passages seem almost effortless, like my flute is floating. Since my embouchure is stable, I don't have to hold the flute to keep it from wiggling about due to migratory tongue or flopping lips.

See if it works for you. Let me know!
Catherine

Buzzing Hints

Hello,

Here are some buzzing tips that have been helping my students.

Try buzzing with a chopstick under your tongue. This helps teach a wide, forward tongue position and "3-way stop" of the lips and tongue, while developing a happy path for the lips to travel on to create intervals.

Try getting different pitches while buzzing with the chopstick under your tongue. Start out holding the chopstick with both hands (or stay away from breakables!)

Many students who have not been able to get much buzzing resonance, volume, or pitch change have found this to be quite helpful in speeding up the learning curve (learning new habits).

Other students have been finding it useful to whisper "emmm" and continue the exhale with a buzzing sound. This also teaches a wide, forward tongue position and "3-way stop" of the lips and tongue.

Let me know how these ideas work for you!

"Buzzing off" for now,
Catherine

Buzzing and Balance

Greetings,

At the Keith Underwood/Anne Waxman Flute/Alexander Technique Workshop on September 28-30, frequent topics included:

body mapping of the atlas occipital joint versus the jaw
balanced use of the zygomatic major and triangularis muscles

Remember that your atlas occipital joint (where head rests on the spine) is located between your ears--behind your tongue and soft palate. Most of us were allowing either our jaw or our upper back to carry part of the weight of our heads while playing our flutes, rather than allowing the head to actually balance on the atlas occipital joint (despite how much Alexander training we have had).

Allowing the head to balance naturally frees up the masseter (jaw) muscle so that the zygomatic major muscle can have improved function, helping the lip to lift very slightly laterally from the upper edge, across the cheek bone to the jaw bone. I notice that both my buzzing and my flute tone become more resonant (my upper lip vibrates more) when my zygomatic major muscle is activated.

Allowing the head to balance naturally also helps the jaw to be relaxed but not hang open which can cause a somewhat unfocused tone. (This happens when the head pulls forward and down, straining the upper back. I call this condition "turtleneck.")

Balanced use of the zygomatic major and triangularis muscles in the embouchure: the triangularis muscles stabilize the corners of the lower lip and the zygomatic major muscles lift the lip laterally across the cheekbone to the jaw joint. Most of of us were using either the upper or lower pair of muscles more than the other pair. As we adjusted this balance, everyone's buzzing, flute tone, and articulation improved!

I found that when my head/jaw body map was clear, my head was balanced, and I used the zygomatic major muscle in balance with the triangularis, my tongue position was naturally ideal and my embouchure felt organized and very flexible.

Hope you enjoy experimenting with these thoughts!

Feel free to post questions. I will do my best to answer them or to find out the answer for you.

Best,
Catherine

Facial Muscle Quiz

Here is a great, interactive, quiz-style facial muscle diagram.

Facial Muscles

The seemingly obvious omission for flutists is triangularis, but the diagram uses its other name, depressor anguli oris.

In case you have not visited the DataFace website yet, it also has an interactive facial diagram. When you click on a muscles you see a short movie of a man activating that muscle.

For more information on the Alexander Technique and its benefits you may visit these sites:

http://alexandertechnique.com
http://www.alexandercenter.com/
http://www.stat.org.uk/

Do your homework now, so you will be ready for my comments on embouchure, buzzing, and more, from the September 28-30 Keith Underwood/Anne Waxman Flute/Alexander Technique Workshop. Look for them soon!

Best,
Catherine

Upper Lip: "Suppressed Smile"

Cheshire Cat . here is The Cheshire cat as John Tenniel envisioned it in the 1866 publication of Lewis Carroll's Alice in Wonderland.

A helpful hint for "beginner buzzers": Keith Underwood suggests that the ideal upper lip position for buzzing feels like a suppressed smile. Imagine something is funny and it is not appropriate to laugh. Feel how your upper lip feels like a combination of smirk and and sneer.

He also sometimes refers to the upper lip as part of a "cheshire cat" grin.

Give it a try!

Catherine

Flute Embouchure: A Rather “Square” Subject

For many years I have taught that a good flute embouchure has 4 corners: 2 corners by the upper cheekbones, one by each nostril, and, the 2 corners on the chin, below the lower lip. The location of these muscles forms a square on your face.

The exercise I call “Tongue Sandwich,” activates the Levator labii superioris (Rabbit Face muscle) and Depressor labii inferioris (Lizard face” muscle) at the same time, drawing the lips away from the tongue and encouraging an active embouchure without jaw tension.

Think of your upper and lower teeth as the pieces of bread for your sandwich and the tongue as the very generous serving of your favorite sandwich filling.

(See Dataface website, mentioned in a May post, for illustrations, descriptions and video of these muscles at work.)
http://face-and-emotion.com/dataface/expression/muscles.jsp

I have posted a video of the “Lizard Face” and “Tongue Sandwich” exercises in the LeGrand Virtual Studio for your information and amusement. “Rabbit Face” Exercise video can also be found there.

Here is a Blogger Beta trial of an embedded video. Let me know how this works.


Good Tongue-Controlled Embouchure spit-buzzing technique, as advocated by Jerome Callet and Keith Underwood, creates a rather “boxy” feel in the embouchure—a "box " INSIDE the “square,” creating an active, yet flexible, embouchure.

Spit-buzzing encourages the use of the orbicularis oris muscle (the ring of muscle around the lips) to engage by curling gently inward creating compression of air with the wide, forward tongue.

This is also a type of “sandwich.” Try thinking of it as 3 layers of Tootsie Rolls:

• Top layer: upper lip curling downward (feel with your tongue the thick tube-like band of muscles on the inside of your upper lip).
• The middle layer--the forward, thickened and widened tongue with downward trajectory.
• The lower layer—lower lip raised slightly by the mentalis muscle and curled slightly back over the tongue to support the tongue position.

I hope these ideas are useful.

Hmmm…all this talk of sandwiches...Time for lunch!

Catherine

DataFace Website

http://face-and-emotion.com/dataface/expression/muscles.jsp

Click on the illustrated facial muscles on this page to see videos of how they function.

One of my favorite sites has returned to the web!

Ponder which muscles you use to play or sing and, also, which ones you could manage not to engage.

Let me hear from you!
Catherine

Mentalis Muscle of the Face

Mentalis Muscle of the Face

This is a great short video clip demonstrating the use of the mentalis muscle of the face.

Its use in forming embouchures is valuable in pairing with the tongue to create compression of air and stability of tone and technique.

The mentalis muscle pushes the lower lip up towards the tongue. Its use can also prevent excessive dropping open of the jaw and/or bending forward to the head.

This is an important muscle for developing good "buzzing" technique, according to Keith Underwood.

Catherine